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To investigate the impact of different tillage patterns on the soil quality and wheat yield in lime concretion black soil, four tillage treatments were set up: twice rotary tillage (T1), plowing + twice rotary tillage (T2), plowing + twice rotary tillage + rolling (T3), and plowing + one pass with a driven cultivator + rolling (T4). The effects of these treatments on soil physical properties, nutrient conversion enzyme activity, organic matter, available nutrient content, and wheat yield were analyzed. Results showed that compared to T1, T3 and T4 significantly increased the bulk density of 0-10 cm soil during the overwintering period and reduced the bulk density of 10-30 cm soil. T4 significantly increased soil moisture and water storage in the 20-30 cm layer during the overwintering period and the 0-10 cm layer during the maturity period. T4 also significantly enhanced the activity of cellobiose hydrolase in the 20-40 cm soil layer and β-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase in the 0-40 cm soil layer, increased inorganic nitrogen content in the 20-40 cm soil layer, and elevated available phosphorus content in the 0-20 cm soil layer. T4 significantly increased the number of secondary roots per plant during the jointing stage, dry matter accumulation at the flowering and maturity stages, spike number, and grain yield, with a yield increase of 11.62% and an economic benefit gain of 2,071.26 yuan·hm-2. In summary, the tillage pattern of plowing + one pass with a driven cultivator + rolling is effective in improving the physicochemical properties and enzyme activity of lime concretion black soil, enhancing wheat yield, and can serve as a suitable tillage mode for high-efficiency wheat production in the region.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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