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Outline
In recent years, the occurrence of wheat stripe rust in Henan Province has shown an increasing trend due to the prevalence race CYR34 of the stripe rust. To clarify the resistance of wheat germplasms in Henan against dominant races including CYR34, this study systematically evaluated the resistance and genetic basis of 629 local wheat germplasms at both seedling and adult plant stages. Stripe rust resistance genes (Yr5, Yr7, Yr15, Yr18, Yr78, Yr81, YrZH84, and YrZM1354) were genotyped using KASP markers. The results revealed a generally low resistance level in the tested wheat population to currently prevalent races including CYR34, with cultivars exhibiting significantly weaker adult-plant stage resistance than landraces. The adult-plant stage resistance gene Yr18 was detected at a frequency of 93.03% in the landraces, whereas it was found in only 1.95% of cultivars. Meanwhile, cultivars carried new resistant genes YrZM1354 and YrZH84. Further genetic effect analysis showed that Yr18 contributed the most to the wheat population’s phenotypic resistance, while YrZM1354 had the strongest single-gene effect. Combining YrZH84 and YrZM1354 can enhance seedling resistance. Based on these testing results, it is recommended that wheat disease resistance breeding in Henan should focus on reintroducing Yr18, accelerating the deployment of new genes such as YrZM1354, and promoting multi-gene pyramiding to broaden the genetic basis of resistance and develop durable-resistant varieties. This study provides valuable resistant source materials, genetic insights, and strategic guidance for wheat disease resistance breeding in Henan Province.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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