Full
Outline
To determine the optimal sowing method and drip irrigation rate combination for winter wheat in the Xinjiang region, a winter wheat variety Xindong 22 was used. A split-plot design was employed, with the main plots comprising four wide-width uniform sowing methods [30 cm row width + 30 cm row spacing(B1), 35 cm row width + 25 cm row spacing(B2), 40 cm row width + 20 cm row spacing(B3), 45 cm + 15 cm(B4)], and conventional row sowing(CK). The sub-plots were set up with three drip irrigation rates [3 555 m3·hm-2(W1), 3 870 m3·hm-2(W2), and 4 185 m3·hm-2(W3)]. A comparative analysis was conducted to examine differences in the photosynthetic performance of winter wheat, dry matter accumulation, transport and allocation, soil moisture, yield, and yield components under various combinations of sowing methods and drip irrigation rates in the Xinjiang region. The results indicated that, under the same drip irrigation rates, compared with the control(CK), the leaf area index and net photosynthetic rate of winter wheat were significantly higher under wide-width uniform sowing. The increase rate of leaf area index ranged from 3.83% to 21.55%, whereas the increase rate of net photosynthetic rate during the flowering and grain-filling stages was 16.12%~34.93% and 12.34%~35.68%, respectively. Wide-width uniform sowing promotes the translocation of dry matter from vegetative organs to grains, significantly increasing winter wheat grain yield and water use efficiency. Under the same sowing method, as drip irrigation rate increased, the leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate, dry matter accumulation and translocation, yield, and its components all exhibited a trend of initial increasing and then decreasing, whilst water use efficiency showed a decreasing trend. Under the conditions of this experiment, the B3W2 treatment yielded the highest yield, reaching 8 922.34 kg·hm-2, representing the optimal combination for achieving a synergistic improvement in both yield and water use efficiency.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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