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To clarify the effects of different dwarfing genotype combinations on stem traits and individual plant yield in hybrid wheat, seventeen known molecular markers for wheat dwarfing genes were used to screen six male sterile lines and six restorer lines. A total of 36 diallel cross combinations were prepared, and plant height, stem characteristics, and individual plant yield of F1 hybrids from different combinations were investigated. The results showed that all 12 parental materials contained the Rht1 gene. Rht8 was mainly distributed in the male sterile lines, and Rht24 was predominant in the restorer lines. Rht2, Rht4 and Rht11 presented low distribution frequency among the 12 materials, and Rht3, Rht5 and Rht14 were not detected in any tested materials. The combination of different dwarfing genes carried by the parents significantly affected the combining ability for plant height in the F1 generation. For instance, restorer line 17ARH41 showed excellent general combining ability for plant height reduction when crossed with male sterile lines Xiaoyan 22A and Jin 11324A. The combinations containing the Rht4 had the highest filling degree of peduncle internode(1.66 mg·cm-1) and peduncle internode ratio(39.48%), in contrast to 1.65 mg·cm-1 and 38.5% recorded in combinations without Rht4. F1 hybrids derived from the crosses between restorer lines 17ARH44, 13AR55 and six male sterile lines displayed obviously heterotic differences in stem breading resistance and puncture resistance. The two restorer lines differed only in the presence of the Rht13 gene in their dwarfing gene constitutions. Stem type index was positively correlated with the second internode ratio and individual plant yield, with correlation coefficients of 0.90 and 0.68 respectively. The optimal F1 combinations achieving favorable balance between lodging resistance traits and individual plant yield were Xiaoyan 22A×17ARH44 and Jin 11324A×17ARH44.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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