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To investigate the effectiveness of natural/chemical inhibitors in the drip-irrigated wheat field, six treatments were set up to study the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied with natural or chemical inhibitors on photosynthetic performance, biomass, nutrient uptake and yield of wheat. It were no N application (CK), N fertilizer applied alone (U), N fertilizer applied with chemical nitrification inhibitor (U+CP), N fertilizer applied with natural nitrification inhibitor (U+MHPP), N fertilizer applied with chemical nitrification and urease inhibitors (U+CP+NBPT), and N fertilizer applied with natural nitrification and urease inhibitors (U+MHPP+DATS). The results showed that SPAD value of wheat leaves, biomass of various organs, and uptake of N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) of wheat plants were increased under the inhibitor treatments compared with the U treatment, and especially in nutrient accumulation of the cob+glumes+grains. Nutrients uptake rate by cob+glumes+grains at maturity of wheat plants were significantly increased 13.17%-19.38% and 11.59%-15.68% for N uptake, 14.26%-21.95% and 9.84%-18.74% for P uptake , and 12.92%-24.61% and 9.91%-22.41% for K uptake in 2022 and 2023 years respectively. Wheat yield was increased but not significant and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) was significantly increased by 20.10%-36.14% under all inhibitor treatments as compared to the U treatment. Photosynthetic capacity, biomass, nutrient uptake, and yield under the natural inhibitor treatments (U+MHPP and U+MHPP+DATS) were slightly lower than that under the chemical inhibitor treatments (U+CP and U+CP+NBPT) with no significance. In conclusion, the addition of natural or chemical inhibitors to N fertilizer can promote the accumulation of photosynthetic products and nutrient uptake in wheat plants, and significantly improve NUE in wheat fields; the application effect natural of inhibitors was weaker than that of chemical inhibitors but the difference was not significant, and the effect of combined application of either chemical or natural inhibitors was better than that of applying an individual inhibitor.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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