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Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is a devastating foliar disease that significantly threatens wheat production. In this study, molecular marker and Sanger sequencing were adopted to analyse the composition or sequence variation of 17 cloned or common powdery mildew (Pm) resistance genes in 40 wheat varieties mainly from Yuncheng city. Molecular markers were used to identify the 15 Pm loci, and the results showed that five loci (Pm2, Pm6, Pm8, Pm30 and Pm52) were identified as single gene or gene pyramiding. The frequency of Pm2, Pm6, Pm8, and Pm30 in the tested varieties was 35%, 20%, 20%, and 10%, respectively. Five varieties (Yunmai 2008, Jimai 22, Zhongmai 30, GA20015, and Liangxing 99) have both Pm2 and Pm6, and combination of Pm8 and Pm30 was only detected in Yunhei 1619 and Jinzimai 33. To analyse the variation of partial resistance gene Pm46, a pair of specific primers was designed to amplify the full-length genomic sequence of Pm46 in the 40 varieties. A predicted 4 708 bp DNA fragment was obtained in 34 varieties whereas no amplicon was obtained from the remaining six colored wheat varieties. By marker analysis, the six varieties all carry 4Ag (4E) chromosome of blue-grained wheat, which is the donor of ThMYC4E. Pm46 gene was sequenced in the 34 varieties and 3 haplotypes were identified, all of which encode susceptible proteins. Additionally, allelic variation analysis of Pm5 gene in the tested materials revealed that only Linnuo 178 carries the resistant allele Pm5b, while the resistant allele Pm5e was not detected. The phenotypic identification results show that germplasm carrying the Pm6 and germplasm carrying the blue-grained wheat 4Ag chromosome exhibit good resistance to the local powdery mildew races in Yuncheng, which can be further used for future wheat genetic improvement.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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