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The GATA gene family is a crucial class of transcriptional regulators in plants, widely involved in plant growth, development, and various physiological and biochemical processes. In this study, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the barley GATA transcription factor family was performed using bioinformatics approaches, including gene identification, structural characterization, collinearity analysis, promoter element prediction, and expression pattern profiling. The results showed that the barley genome contains a total of 27 GATA genes (designated as HvGATA01-HvGATA27), which were unevenly distributed across the 7 chromosomes. Gene structure analysis revealed that the number of introns in HvGATA genes ranged from 0 to 7, with distinct intron-exon arrangements observed among different subgroups. All members contain the typical GATA conserved domain. Phylogenetic analysis divided them into five subgroups (S1-S5), of which subgroup S5 contains 9 members, while subgroup S3 has only one member. Except for S3, the remaining subgroups existed before the divergence of monocots and dicots. Collinearity analysis revealed that collinear GATA gene pairs exist between the barley genome and those of rice, Arabidopsis thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon, soybean, and tomato. Notably, the number of collinear gene pairs in barley-rice and barley-Brachypodium distachyon comparisons was significantly higher than that in the other three species. Cis-acting element analysis indicated that the promoter regions of barley GATA genes are enriched with light-responsive elements and hormone signaling-related elements. Expression profiling showed significant differential expression patterns across 16 barley tissues, with most HvGATA genes exhibiting high expression in inflorescence tissues, while low expression was observed in deglumed grains, suggesting their potential involvement in barley flowering development regulation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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