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Outline
In order to figure out the most suitable combination of sowing pattern and drip irrigation configuration of late-sown wheat in northern Xinjiang, a winter wheat variety Xindong 18 was used as the test material, with the sowing method (S) as the main plot of a split-plot experiment, including S1 (three-dimensional uniform sowing), S2 (wide and narrow row sowing: 18-18-18-26 cm), S3 (wide and narrow row sowing: 15-20-15-30 cm), and S4 (conventional strip sowing, row spacing 20 cm), and each plot was grouped with continuous four rows of winter wheat (evenly sown within 80 cm). The drip irrigation configuration was set up as a sub-plot: two pipes and four rows (D1, both pipes were 5 cm away from the inner row, and the sowing interval was 30 cm + 50 cm), two pipes and four rows (D2, both pipes were 5 cm away from the outer row, and the spacing between the sowing was 40 cm), equal interval by 50 cm (D3), and one pipe and four rows (D4, interval spacing by 80 cm). The effects of different sowing patterns and drip irrigation combinations on the net photosynthetic rate, dry matter accumulation, yield and its components of the late-sown winter wheat in northern Xinjiang were studied. The results showed that the mean values of SPAD and net photosynthetic rate ranked as S3>S2>S1>S4, and the mean values under the same sowing pattern ranked as D1>D2>D3>D4, of which reached the peak under S3D1 treatment. The accumulation of dry matter and distribution of grains at maturity reached their maximum values under the S2D1 treatment. Compared to S4D1 treatment, the dry matter transportation before and after flowering increased by 30.20% and 10.89%, respectively; S2D1 treatment extended the rapid filling phase by 1.6 d, prolonged the duration of grain filling by 2 d, and increased the average grain filling rate by 11.34%, consequently improved the number of spikes, grain number per spike, and thousand-grain weight by 11.93%, 8.78%, and 8.30%, respectively, and ultimately resulted in an increase rate of 17.74% in yield. The comprehensive evaluation based on gray correlation concluded that the appropriate sowing pattern and drip irrigation configuration for late-sown winter wheat in the northern region of Xinjiang is S2 and D1.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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