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In order to clarify resistant genes distribution and genetic basis of scab resistant varieties (lines) from Huanghuai wheat region, single floret injection method, molecular markers and 55K SNP chips were used to evaluate scab resistance, detect gene components and analyze genetic diversity of 60 materials with relatively good resistance, which were evaluated from 515 white-grain wheat varieties (lines) in 2021-2022. Evaluation of Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance showed that there were 1, 36, and 23 varieties (lines) exhibiting high resistance, moderate resistance and moderate susceptibility in 2022-2023, accounting for 1.7%, 60.0%, and 38.3% of total materials, respectively. In 2023-2024, 39 varieties (lines) were evaluated as moderate resistance and 21 varieties (lines) were moderate susceptibility, account for 65.0% and 35.0% of total, respectively. No varieties (lines) with high resistance were identified. From the perspective of two consecutive years, there were 33 and 17 varieties (lines) performed as moderate resistance and moderate susceptibility stably, accounting for 55.0% and 28.3% of total, respectively. The rest materials exhibited differences in different years, with the resistance level all in the middle of moderate resistance and moderate susceptibility. The results of gene molecular detection showed that there were 17, 4, 6, 3, 4, and 8 varieties (lines) carrying Fhb1, Fhb2, Fhb4, Fhb5, Fhb7, and Qfhs.crc-2DL, accounting for 28.3%, 6.7%, 10.0%, 5.0%, 6.7%, and 13.3% of total, respectively. In terms of multiple gene pyramiding, there were 7 varieties (lines) containing two genes, 4 varieties (lines) carrying three genes, and 1 pyramiding four genes, account for 11.7%, 6.7%, and 1.7% of total, respectively. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the genetic background of the tested materials was relatively narrow. The genetic distance between the representative varieties (lines) varied from 0.026 cM to 0.532 cM, and average distance was only 0.384 cM. These varieties (lines) can be grouped into five categories by clustering analysis, with 6, 4, 10, 3, and 37 varieties (lines) in each category, which generally conforms to the characteristics of regional origin and pedigree.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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