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Outline
In order to investigate the differences in antioxidant capacity of wheat grains with different grain colors under high and low soil fertility conditions, five black-grained wheat, two blue-grained wheat and one white-grained wheat variety (lines) were selected to determine the contents of anthocyanins, total phenols and flavonoids in grains. The antioxidant capacity of the grains was evaluated by measuring the ferricion reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP value), 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH·) radical scavenging rate, 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS+·) radical scavenging rate, and hydroxyl (·OH) radical scavenging rate. The results showed that low fertility soil was conducive to the accumulation of anthocyanins in grains, and the anthocyanin content were increased by 33.20%-73.57% compared to those in high fertility soil. Among them, blue-grained wheat had a higher content, followed by black-grained wheat, and white-grained wheat had the lowest content; The content of total phenols and flavonoids in grains was decreased by 4.12%-56.46% and 1.14%-25.87%, respectively. Fertility, variety, and fertility×variety had significant effects on the content of anthocyanins, total phenols, and flavonoids. The FRAP value and ABTS+· clearance rate of grains in high fertility soils were higher than those in low fertility soils, while the overall DPPH and ·OH clearance rates were higher in low fertility soils than in high fertility soils. The total nitrogen and organic matter content in soil were the main regulatory factors of antioxidant capacity. Fertility, variety, and fertility×variety had significant effects on FRAP values and ABTS+·, DPPH, and ·OH clearance rates. The comprehensive score of high and low fertility soil ranked as black-grained wheat>blue-grained wheat>white-grained wheat. The average score of high fertility soil was higher than that of low fertility soil. In summary, wheat grown in high fertility soil has higher antioxidant capacity than that in low fertility soil, with black-grained wheat was higher than blue- and white-grained wheat.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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