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To explore the influencing factors of wheat grain nitrogen content, two wheat varieties with high grain nitrogen content (HGNC) and two wheat varieties with low grain nitrogen content (LGNC) were used as test materials. The changes in grain nitrogen content of the two types of wheats during the grain filling stage were compared, and the characteristics of nitrogen transport and distribution, as well as the differences in physiological traits such as Rubisco content and protein hydrolysis related enzyme activity in flag leaves were analyzed. The results showed that from late grain filling stage to maturity stage, the grain nitrogen content of HGNC wheat was higher than that of LGNC wheat. The nitrogen accumulation and distribution ratio of leaves and stem & sheaths of HGNC wheat were lower than those of LGNC wheat, and the nitrogen transport intensity of HGNC wheat was higher than that of LGNC wheat. At late grain filling stage, the degradation rate of Rubisco and soluble proteins in HGNC wheat was faster, and the activity of proteolytic enzymes was also more active than that in LGNC wheat. Overall, there was a significant difference in grain nitrogen content between HGNC and LGNC wheat from the late grain filling stage to maturity stage, which was influenced by nitrogen allocation and transport. At middle and late grain filling stages, the degradation intensity of Rubisco and soluble proteins in flag leaves has a negative effect on nitrogen content during wheat maturation, while enzyme activity related to protein hydrolysis has a positive effect.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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