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Outline
In order to explore the effects of layered nitrogen application on accumulation and distribution of dry matter, and yield of winter wheat, Weilong 169 was selected as the experimental variety, and controlled-release urea (nitrogen content 44%, controlled-release period of 3 months) was selected to fertilize at one time at the sowing stage. Two nitrogen application methods (N8: 8 cm basal fertilizer single-layer strip application; N121: basal fertilizer was applied to 8, 16, and 24 cm soil layers at a ratio of 1∶2∶1) were conducted with three nitrogen application rates (conventional nitrogen application: 240 kg·hm-2; nitrogen reduction 20%: 192 kg·hm-2; nitrogen reduction 40%: 144 kg·hm-2). The dynamics of winter wheat population and dry matter change, dry matter assimilation and redistribution after flowering, grain yield and its components were studied. The results showed that under the same fertilization method, the dry matter accumulation and grain yield of winter wheat at maturity increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen application rate. When the nitrogen application rate was 192—240 kg·hm-2, there was no significant difference in the number of stems and dry matter accumulation per unit area before jointing in winter wheat compared with single-layer nitrogen application treatment, the dry matter accumulation and panicle rate after jointing were significantly increased, among which the panicle rate increased by 2.2—2.5 percentage points, the dry matter accumulation at maturity increased by 11.1%—12.3%, and the grain yield increased by 10.0%—12.0%. At the same time, there was no significant difference in panicle number, dry matter accumulation and grain yield at maturity in N121 20% nitrogen reduction treatment compared with N8 conventional nitrogen application treatment. The results showed that even if the nitrogen application rate was reduced by 20%, the grain yield of the conventional nitrogen application rate of N8 treatment could be obtained, and the grain yield of winter wheat could be significantly increased by increasing the nitrogen application rate to 240 kg·hm-2, and the yield of winter wheat could be significantly increased compared with the N8 conventional nitrogen application rate.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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