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Outline
In order to understand the relationship between starch particle size distribution and pasting properties of wheat grains, 44 wheat varieties were used as materials in 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 to analyze the characteristics of starch particle size distribution, pasting properties and their relationship in wheat grains along the Huai River. The results showed that the volume of B-type starch granules accounted for 22.45%—45.06%, and the volume of A-type starch granules accounted for 54.94%—77.55% in wheat grains along the Huai River. The surface area of B-type starch granules accounted for 69.18%—84.45%, and the surface area of A-type starch granules accounted for 15.55%—30.82%. The number of B-type starch granules accounted for 99.76%—99.90%, and the number of A-type starch granules accounted for 0.10%—0.24%. The average peak viscosity of wheat in 2020—2021 and 2021—2022 were 888.24 and 985.64 cP, respectively, and the coefficient of variation were 18.11% and 17.98%, respectively. The average trough viscosity were 593.56 and 753.61 cP, respectively, and the coefficient of variation were 17.35% and 18.52%, respectively. The average values of final viscosity were 1 215.37 and 1 486.40 cP, and the variation coefficients were 15.20% and 15.91%, respectively. The coefficient of variation of wheat pasting parameters was greater than 10%, and the coefficient of variation of breakdown was the largest, which was 38.10% and 41.96%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the volume proportion of B-type starch granules was significant negatively correlated with peak viscosity (P<0.01). The volume proportion of A-type starch granules was significant positively correlated with peak viscosity, breakdown and trough viscosity (P<0.05). The results of principal component analysis showed that the proportion of A-type starch granule volume and B-type starch granule volume had a higher contribution rate to PC1 and PC2 components of the 44 wheat varieties. The results of cluster analysis showed that the 44 wheat varieties can be divided into three categories. The volume proportion of B-type starch granules in the first category of wheat varieties was the smallest, while the peak viscosity was the highest, and the final viscosity was second to the third category, including Yangmai 13 and Shengxuan 6. The second type of wheat varieties accounted for the largest proportion of B-type starch granule volume, and the peak viscosity and final viscosity were lower than those of the first and third types, including 11 wheat varieties such as Xinong 979 and Luyuan 502. The proportion of B-type starch granule volume in the third type of wheat varieties was between the first and second types, and the peak viscosity and final viscosity were higher, including 31 wheat varieties such as Yangmai 20 and Deyan 8.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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