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In order to explore the effects of the proportion of organic fertilizer replacing slow-release fertilizer on wheat yield, soil fertility, and greenhouse gas emissions, two fertilization modes of organic slow-release fertilizer (M1) and organic fertilizer (60%)+slow-release fertilizer (40% for dop-dressing) (M2) in green period were set up with Yangmai 34 as the test material according to the principle of equal nitrogen application amount. Four types of combined application were conducted: 40% organic fertilizer+60% slow-release fertilizer (4/6MN), 30% organic fertilizer+70% slow-release fertilizer (3/7MN), 20% organic fertilizer+80% slow-release fertilizer (2/8MN), and 100% slow-release fertilizer (0/10N). The effects of urea (CK) and 100% organic fertilizer (10/0M) on wheat yield, soil biochemical properties, and greenhouse gas emission intensity under the same nitrogen application level were studied in the fertilization mode 5∶1∶2∶2(base fertilizer∶tillering fertilizer∶jointing fertilizer∶gestation fertilizer). The results showed that under different nitrogen management methods, wheat yield ranked as M2>CK>M1>10/0M, where the 3/7MN treatment in M2 mode had the best yield increase effect. Under the same fertilization mode, with the increase of the proportion of organic fertilizer application, the soil organic matter and total carbon content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen content showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. Among them, the 3/7MN treatment under M2 mode had a significant effect on improving soil nutrients. Under the conditions of secondary application of slow-release fertilizer, the soil sucrase, urease activity, and microbial carbon and nitrogen content were highest under the 3/7MN treatment, while the soil catalase activity was highest under the 2/8MN treatment. The cumulative emissions of soil CO2 under different nitrogen management methods ranked as 10/0M>M1>M2>CK, and the cumulative emissions of N2O ranked as M1>CK>10/0M>M2. Compared with CK, the secondary application of slow-release fertilizer can effectively reduce the global warming potential by 4.22%. After wheat harvest, soil organic carbon storage was increased by 9.88% to 30.17%. Compared to M1, the slow-release fertilizer application treatment showed a more significant effect on soil carbon sequestration than the slow-release fertilizer one-time base application treatment. Therefore, combining the application mode of slow-release fertilizer with 20% to 30% organic fertilizer can improve soil biochemical performance, promote soil carbon storage, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and increase wheat grain yield.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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