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In order to determine the effects of different nitrogen (N) application amount and plant density on canopy light interception characteristics and grain yield of strong gluten wheat, Zhongmai 578, a strong gluten wheat cultivar, was used as material. Four nitrogen application levels (0, 180, 240, and 300 kg·hm-2, represented by N0, N1, N2, and N3, respectively) and three planting densities (3.0×106, 4.5×106 and 6.0×106 plants·hm-2, represented by D1, D2, and D3, respectively) were set up in the field. The differences of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) interception rate and penetration rate, dry matter accumulation and transport, grain yield and quality of strong gluten wheat under different treatments were analyzed. The results showed that the yield and its components of wheat were affected more by N application amount than plant density. There weret more spike number, grain number per spike and grain yield under N2 and N3 conditions, among which the yield of N2D2 treatment was the highest, reaching 9 957.73 kg·hm-2. Except for N3 treatment, canopy PAR interception rate increased gradually and penetration rate decreased significantly with the increase of N application amount or plant density. N application amount, plant density and their interaction significantly affected dry matter accumulation and transport of the strong gluten wheat. Under the same N application conditions, moderately increasing plant density increased dry matter accumulation amount and contribution rate to grain yield after anthesis, which were the highest under N2D2 treatment. The sedimentation and gluten index increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application amount, and gluten index reached the optimum under N2D2 treatment. Synthetically considering the utilization of photosynthetic active radiation, accumulation and transportation of dry matter, grain yield and quality of the strong gluten wheat canopy, N application amount of 240 kg N·hm-2 and plant density of 4.5×106 plants·hm-2 were the optimum combination for strong gluten wheat production under this experimental conditions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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