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To evaluate the intercropping effects of different spring wheat varieties, four intercropping methods with different row ratios (4A∶5B, 5A∶4B, 3A∶6B, 6A∶3B) and a mixed cropping of 1∶1 seed mass ratio (ABmix) were set up, using a high stem variety Neimai 17(plant height 110 cm, A) and a dwarf stem variety Nongmai 482(plant height 76 cm, B) as materials. Two different intercropping methods were compared and analyzed for flag leaf SPAD values, net photosynthetic rate (NCP), dry matter accumulation, grain yield, and water content under different planting methods, with two varieties as controls (ACK and BCK). The results showed that the SPAD values of flag leaves in intercropped wheat were higher than those in monoculture at 18 days after flowering. The net photosynthetic rate of the post flowering population in each treatment showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, reaching its maximum at 6 days after flowering. Among them, the net photosynthetic rate of the population in the 4A∶5B treatment was consistently significantly higher than that in other treatments. There was no significant difference in thousand-grain weight among different intercropping treatments, but they were all significantly higher than ACK. Compared with monoculture treatment, the grain yield of ABmix treatment showed no significant change, but the grain yield of four intercropping treatments increased significantly. The 4A∶5B treatment had the highest grain yield, increased by 7.94% and 6.31% compared to ACK and BCK, respectively. The land equivalent ratio of the four intercropping methods was greater than 1. The soil water consumption and total water consumption during the entire growth period of wheat were the lowest under the 4A∶5B intercropping method, but the water use efficiency was the highest, with an increase rate of 21.0% and 20.8% compared to ACK and BCK, respectively. Under the conditions of this experiment, the high stem variety Neimai 17 and the drawf stem variety Nongmai 482 had the best yield and water saving effects under the row ratio of 4∶5 intercropping.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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