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To explore and establish a method for rapid analysis of genetic structure and genetic basis of important traits based on 0.1K prospect and 16K background arrays, a new wheat line Xinong 302 and its parents Xinong 865 and Bainong Aikang 58 were subjected to disease resistance identification during seedling stage and adult stage, respectively. The resistance characteristics of Xinong 302 and its parents to stripe rust were analyzed, and the wheat 16K background array was used to genotype Xinong 302 and its parents. Based on the differential SNP loci of 16K array genotypes between parents, the genomic segments of Xinong 302 from both parents were counted to determine its genome structure. Xinong 302 and its parental lines were genotyped by wheat 0.1K prospect selection array, and the genetic loci of stripe rust resistance inherited by Xinong 302 were determined, and the genetic basis of stripe rust resistance of Xinong 302 and the important trait-related genes/QTL loci contained in Xinong 302 were clarified. Xinong 302 showed weak resistance to CYR32 and CYR34 at seedling stage (IT=6), and highly resistance at adult stage under field conditions (IT=1, DS<5). The genetic contribution rates of Xinong 865 and Bainong AK58 to Xinong 302 were 64.28% and 30.22%, respectively. Xinong 302 aggregates multiple excellent genes/QTL loci from both parents, including multi resistance genes Lr27/Yr30/Sr2/Pbc1 and their epistatic interaction genes YrFDC12/PbcFDC12, resistance loci QYrak58.nwafu-7BL and QYrqin.nwafu-2AL[KG-1.5mm], resistance loci QFhb.hbaas-5AS and QFhb.hbaas-5AL[KG-1.5mm], dwarf genes Rht-2, Rht-8 and QPht/Slcau-2D.1, and thousand-grain weight locus QGl-4A[KG-1.5mm], among other important trait related genes/QTLs. This indicates that 0.1K prospect selection and 16K background arrays can be applied to analyze the genomic structure and genetic basis of important traits in new wheat varieties (lines). There is a significant difference in the genetic contribution rate between Xinong 865 and Bainong Aikang 58 to Xinong 302, with the genetic contribution rate of Xinong 865 being about twice of Bainong Aikang 58. Xinong 302 aggregates multiple excellent genes/QTLs related to important traits such as resistance to stripe rust, scab, dwarfism, and thousand-grain weight from both parents.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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