Full
Outline
To address the shortcomings of traditional vapor‑compression refrigeration technology in terms of volume，energy efficiency，and operational reliability，thermoelectric refrigeration technology has attracted widespread attention due to its high efficiency，environmental friendliness，and high reliability.This paper reviews the latest research progress in thermoelectric refrigeration technology，with a focus on the current status of thermoelectric materials，numerical modeling methods for thermoelectric cooling，and their application scenarios.First，the development history of thermoelectric materials is introduced，and the major achievements are summarized.Second，to improve the performance of thermoelectric cooling systems，models of thermoelectric elements and thermoelectric coolers at different dimensions are compared and analyzed，and the results show that 3D models can more comprehensively describe the microscopic mechanisms during the actual operation of thermoelectric modules.Finally，the application status of thermoelectric refrigeration is summarized from the aspects of electronic cooling，medical equipment，and automotive air conditioning，and it is pointed out that the key to future development lies in improving the intrinsic properties of thermoelectric materials，optimizing the heat dissipation path on the hot side of thermoelectric devices，and further enhancing the system COP，thereby achieving collaborative design of materials，devices，and systems.This study can provide a theoretical reference for the design optimization and engineering application of thermoelectric cooling systems.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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