To address the common failure caused by erosion‑thinning and perforation in industrial pipelines,a rapid prediction and simulation study on erosion damage in tee reducing pipes was carried out based on the POD‑Kriging reduced‑order model.The results show that the established reduced‑order model improves the efficiency of numerical simulation by three orders of magnitude,with the prediction error of erosion damage controlled at approximately 4%.Regularly selected design points can significantly enhance prediction stability,yielding a relative mean absolute error (RMAE) of erosion rate of 2.1%,whereas irregular design points cause the error to surge to 86.6%.Optimization of the number of modes is critical for capturing complex erosion characteristics,and the error decreases to 4.1% when 9 modes are used.The number of design points should be matched coordinately with the number of modes;increasing both simultaneously enables effective capture of the multi‑parameter coupling effect,reducing the erosion rate prediction error from 28.3% to 4.1%.The proposed model provides important support for erosion location prediction,digital inspection and monitoring,as well as damage prevention and control of pressure pipelines.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |