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Outline
To address the sealing failure caused by jamming of metal hard‑sealed triple‑offset butterfly valves during high‑temperature service，a combined method of finite element simulation and experimental verification was used to study the stress and strain distribution of metal hard‑sealed tripleoffset butterfly valves from room temperature to 450 °C.The results show that as the temperature increases from room temperature to 450 °C，the maximum stress of the sealing ring，stress non‑uniformity coefficient，maximum deformation，and minimum deformation increase linearly.Specifically，the maximum stress increases by 175.3%，the stress non‑uniformity coefficient increases by 174.64%，the maximum deformation increases by 131.67%，and the minimum deformation increases by 354.56%，primarily due to the linear correlation between the material properties of the butterfly valve and temperature.The minimum stress and average stress of the sealing ring non‑linearly correlate with temperature，related to the temperature characteristics of the material properties and the sealing structure of the butterfly valve itself.The temperatures at which the minimum stress of the sealing ring is lower than the required specific sealing pressure are 300 °C and 350 °C，and the temperature threshold at which the maximum deformation exceeds 1 mm is 300 °C.When the sealing ring is made of a material with a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the valve seat and a comparable elastic modulus，the minimum stress of the sealing ring can be significantly increased and higher than the required specific sealing pressure，while the deformation of the sealing ring can be reduced by 7% to 10%，helping to improve the sealing performance of the butterfly valve above 300 °C.The research results provide a reference for the design of sealing pair structures and the improvement of sealing performance in metal hard‑sealed butterfly valves.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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