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To investigate the internal flow field characteristics of a straight‑tube distributor in falling film evaporators，a three‑dimensional computational model was established based on industrial design criteria for liquid distributors.Following model validation，the influence mechanisms of geometric parameters and operational conditions on distributor performance were systematically studied.Results indicate that the internal flow field of straight‑tube liquid distributors is significantly affected by inflow position and wall structure：a distinct impingement zone forms in the bottom area due to fluid impact，resulting in notably higher flow velocities at outflow holes near the inlet compared to other regions；whereas areas farther from the inlet develop stable pre‑orifice flow regions，effectively reducing mechanical energy loss.Under constant unit orifice area conditions，appropriately increasing orifice diameter and spacing significantly enhances initial distribution mass，though optimization effects exhibit parameter threshold limitations.Concurrently，increasing tube diameter ratio and branch pipe cross‑sectional area helps reduce average outflow velocity while further improving initial distribution mass.Variable‑condition studies reveal that as inlet flow rate increases，outflow velocity shows monotonic growth，while initial distribution mass first rises to a peak before stabilizing.The optimal initial distribution quality is 0.758 6，corresponding to an optimal operational flow rate of 0.453 kg/s，with distributors of different structural parameters exhibiting specific optimal operational ranges.The research can provide reference for the optimization design of straight pipe distributors
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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