Full
Outline
To identify the key stages and main influencing factors of carbon emissions during the lifecycle of low ambient temperature air source heat pump (chiller) units for industrial and commercial use, and to guide low-carbon design of the units, based on the theory of life cycle assessment, the main greenhouse gas emissions of low ambient temperature air source heat pump (chiller) units for industrial and commercial use were calculated and sensitivity analyzed in five stages:raw material acquisition, processing and assembly, operation, transportation, recovery and disposal. The results show that the main contributions of greenhouse gas emissions during the life cycle of the unit come from the electricity consumption and refrigerant emissions during the operating stage, accounting for over 98%, while other stages can be basically ignored. After replacing R410A with R454B, which has a lower global warming potential (GWP), the total greenhouse gas emissions decreased by 15.14%. When the energy efficiency level of the unit is increased from level 2 to level 1, the total greenhouse gas emissions are reduced by 3.03%. In addition, the change in energy structure has resulted in a reduction of over 6.77% in total greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the carbon reduction in the life cycle of low ambient temperature air source heat pump (chiller) units for industrial and commercial use should focus on the operating stage. Using refrigerants with low GWP, improving energy efficiency, and increasing the proportion of new energy in the national energy structure are important ways to reduce carbon emissions throughout the life cycle of the unit.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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