Full
Outline
To determine the acute effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) running warm-up on Achilles tendon morphology and function in basketball players in order to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing warm-up protocols for military personnel and athletes susceptible to Achilles tendon injuries.
Twenty-seven male basketball players were subjected and asked to participate in 3 different running warm-up protocols: low-speed running (LSR), high-speed running (HSR), and BFR combined with LSR (BFR-LSR). The acute changes in Achilles tendon morphology, mechanical properties, and functional performance across the 3 testing sessions were analyzed and compared.
Immediately after training, both HSR warm-up and BFR-LSR warm-up significantly improved Achilles tendon thickness, blood flow, stiffness, and gastrocnemius maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) when compared with LSR warm-up (P<0.05). No statistical differences were observed in above indicators between the BFR-LSR and HSR warm-ups (P>0.05). 24 hours after training, compared with LSR warm-up, HSR warm-up still significantly improved Achilles tendon thickness, blood flow, stiffness, and gastrocnemius MVIC (P<0.05). Although BFR-LSR warm-up did not show statistically significant differences in these parameters compared to LSR warm-up, it still demonstrated positive trends. Immediately and 24 h after training, no obvious difference were found in jump performance among the 3 warm-up protocols (P>0.05), but, both BFR-LSR and HSR warm-ups exhibited superior performance than LSR warm-up.
Immediately after training, BFR-LSR warm-up demonstrates comparable effects to the HSR warm-up on improving Achilles tendon morphology and performance, as well as enhancing jump performance. However, its sustained and long-term effects require further investigation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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