In this study, a multiphysical field coupling model of metal hydride hydrogen storage reactor (MHHSR) based on cylindrical heat exchanger was established. The influence of the geometric shape and position of the cylindrical heat exchanger on the hydrogen absorption performance of the reactor was investigated, and the mathematical model was developed. The optimal position of the heat transfer structure was obtained, and the characteristics and intrinsic mechanisms of heat and mass transfer in the alloy bed during the hydrogen absorption process were explored. Additionally, based on the area of the temperature differential zones among different layers, the uniformity of heat transfer in multilayer beds was analyzed. The research results showed that when the embedded heat transfer ring was located at 0.62R of the alloy bed, the hydrogen storage reactor achieved 90% hydrogen capacity within the shortest time. By comparison to the central heat exchange tube structure and the external heat exchange jacket structure, there was a time reduction of 76.3% and 60.7%, respectively. Different types of heat exchanger structures caused differences in the thermal mass transfer characteristics of the alloy bed, which changed the evolution modes of the bed's reaction interface area and moving speed, ultimately affecting the reactor's hydrogen absorption performance. When multiple independent reaction bed layers existed in the reactor, a smaller temperature difference region area among different bed layers resulted in more uniform heat and mass transfer and higher energy efficiency of heat exchanger structures.

In order to reveal the influence of structural design parameters on design boundaries and improve the efficiency of wind turbine blade structure design, a structural optimization design method was proposed by combining the improved genetic algorithm NSGAII with the wind turbine blade structure design software FOUCS, and constructing an optimization design simulation system suitable for complex wind turbine blade structures. The 15 MW wind turbine benchmark model IEA15240RWT developed by NREL was chosen as the research object. The lamination, positioning, and width of the spar were treated as variables, while the blade weight and flapping stiffness were set as the optimization objectives. The selfdeveloped structural optimization design system was used to obtain the optimal solution set under different design conditions, and the influence of spar design parameters on the Pareto front was investigated. The calculation results demonstrate that for this particular blade of IEA15240RWT, a spar width of 1 000 mm, with the spar centerline positioned at 50% of the chord length, exhibits higher structural efficiency. The feasibility and effectiveness of the optimization design system for blade structure design were verified, and the system possesses strong scalability, providing new insights for more complex blade design tasks.

The impacts of multivalent ions and organic substances on the energy generation efficiency of Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) devices were investigated in terms of uphill transport and membrane fouling. The results showed that the maximum power density was obtained when the 0.5 mol/L NaCl solutions was used as the feeding solution of the RED device. However, the power densities decreased by 72.45%, 68.82%, and 72.14%, respectively, as the feeding solutions were switched to 0.5 mol/L multivalent salt (MgCl2, CaCl2 and Na2SO4) solutions. By adding organic foulantssodium alginate (SA) into the multivalent salt solutions, the power density was enhanced with the increase of SA concentrations and reached a maximum level with addition of 30 mg/L SA, and then was gradually decreased when SA concentration was further raised. The NaCl solutions exerted minor influences on the adsorption of SA molecules onto cationexchange membranes. In contrast, the mixture of NaCl and MgCl2 obviously exacerbated the adhesion between SA molecules and cationexchange membranes

The technology for diagnosing singlephase grounding faults in mediumvoltage distribution networks is of significant importance for enhancing the operational safety and economic efficiency of the system. In light of the current scenario where a large number of distributed generation sources are connected to the distribution network, this study analyzes the impact of distributed generation on singlephase grounding fault currents. It proposes a method for identifying the types of singlephase grounding faults and introduces a fault section location technique utilizing harmonic injection from adjustable arc suppression coils. Upon the occurrence of a singlephase grounding fault in the distribution network, the type of fault is first analyzed based on the characteristics of the zerosequence voltage and phase voltage. Subsequently, the filtering device of the adjustable arc suppression coil is temporarily blocked, allowing the harmonic current from the coil to be briefly injected into the grid. The system's FTU and DTU components analyze the third harmonic content in the zerosequence current. The presence of the third harmonic is used as a criterion to accurately determine whether the detection point is on the fault path, thereby achieving fault section location. A 10 kV distribution network simulation model under various grounding conditions was constructed and analyzed using EMTP/ATP software. The simulation results demonstrate that the aforementioned method effectively reduces the grounding current and achieves a section location accuracy of over 95%. This validates that the proposed method is suitable for both metallic grounding and grounding through transition resistance, meeting practical application requirements.

Considering the lack of pumped storage power plant smoke regularly send scheduling flexibility, system problem such as carbon emissions calculation is not comprehensive, is put forward based on the permeability of pumped storage power station high energy low carbon power system optimization scheduling method, introduced the thermal power unit desulfurization, climbing to produce carbon emissions calculation factor, system of carbon emissions calculation model is established. Through the Xinjiang power grid and Fukang pumped storage power station actual data, considering different grid characteristics of winter and summer, simulation of the pumped storage power station in the high permeability of the power system operation, system for carbon emissions, abandoned electric rate etc. Comparative study the pumped storage power plant smoke regularly send, low carbon's influence on the system optimal operation way, and analyzes the causes of different influence, It is verified that the proposed lowcarbon optimal scheduling method can effectively reduce the carbon emission and the power discard rate of new energy, improve the positive and negative reserve capacity of the system, and smooth the power supply output fluctuation. This paper provides an analysis method for lowcarbon power supply dispatching in areas with high and new energy penetration, and puts forward some suggestions for the subsequent construction and development of Xinjiang power grid pumped storage power station, and provides reference for the selection of dispatching mode after the completion and operation of Xinjiang Fukang pumped storage power station.

This study constructs a full lifecycle model for BMF, spanning from cradle to grave, and assesses the carbon footprint throughout its life cycle. The research findings reveal significant variations in carbon emissions at different stages, notably during the processing phase, making it a key emission stage. The carbon footprint is influenced by various factors such as raw material types, composition ratios, processing technology differences, and transportation mode choices. In the discussion, the study emphasizes the importance of carbon footprint assessment in policy and market contexts, and analyzes potential strategies for reducing carbon emissions. This research provides crucial insights for decisionmakers, the energy industry, policymakers, and researchers, contributing to a better understanding of the carbon footprint of biomass molding fuel products and promoting sustainable energy production and utilization.

For the accumulator filled with phase change material thermal conductivity is low, heat storage time is long and other shortcomings, this paper establishes the concentric triplex tube regenerative heat exchanger builtin intermittent twisted fin model, the use of Fluent software for the melting process of the internal phase change material for the threedimensional unsteady numerical simulation of the structure of the structure of the different twisted fin number and the degree of twisted degree, analyze the phase change material liquid phase rate, the average temperature, the amount of heat storage and the average heat storage rate rule of law with time. Simulation results show that in this paper, compared with the triplex tube regenerative heat exchanger within the research parameters, with the increase of the degree of twist, the complete melting time is gradually shortened, when the twist rate is 2.5, the complete melting time can be reduced by up to 33.1%, with the increase in the number of twisted fins can also shorten the complete melting time, when the number of twisted fins is 4 complete melting time can be reduced by a maximum of 25.6%. The inclusion of intermittent twisted fin significantly shortens the complete melting time of the phase change material and enhances the heat storage capacity, which helps to improve the comprehensive heat storage performance of the triplex tube regenerative heat exchanger.

In response to the issues of limited carbon reduction methods on the load side and poor coordination of carbon reduction methods across generation, load, and storage in current lowcarbon dispatching of power systems, a multidimensional carbon reduction coupling strategy based on carbon potential indicators is proposed. This involves the establishment of a duallayer optimization dispatch model for the power system, which includes lowcarbon economic objectives. Initially, a carbon flow tracing model for loads and energy storage is developed based on the theory of carbon emissions flow in power systems. Subsequently, a dual lowcarbon demand response model integrating carbon flow theory is established on the load side, and a lowcarbon dispatch model based on nodal carbon potential is developed for the energy storage side. Then, a duallayer optimization dispatch model for the power system characterized by time ofuse electricity pricing and nodal carbon potential is constructed, with the upper and lower layers aimed at optimal economic and lowcarbon objectives, respectively. Finally, the strategy is tested using a modified IEEE14node system, and the simulation results demonstrate that this dispatch strategy can effectively tap into the system's carbon reduction potential, enhance its carbon reduction capability, and improve its economic benefits.

In recent years, spectral crossover photovoltaic/thermal (CPV/T)composite technology has attracted much attention by decoupling the crossover from the heat of the PV cell and avoiding problems such as ultratemperature of the PV cell and restricted taste of the system output thermal energy. However, the research in this field mainly focuses on simulation calculations and lacks experimental studies on thermal and electrical performance under actual meteorological and lighting conditions. In order to investigate the real operating performance of outdoor CPV/T systems, this paper builds a lowfrequency concentrated light crossover CPV/T system and a nonconcentrated light PV system, and compares and analyses the thermal and electrical output characteristics under concentrated light and nonconcentrated light conditions. The effects of the optical properties of the frequencysharing liquid on the thermal and electrical performance of the concentratingfrequencyshared CPV/T system are further investigated. The results show that the frequency divided CPV/T system has a higher electrical output power compared to the nonconcentrated PV system, with an electrical output power of 79.7 W and 72.9 W when using deionised water frequencydividing and silver/water nanofluid frequencydividing, respectively, compared to 45 W for the nonconcentrated PV system under the same conditions; meanwhile, after the frequencydividing liquid absorption characteristics are strengthened, the temperature of the cell is lowered, the filling factor is enlarged, and the cell At the same time, after the enhancement of the crossover liquid absorption property, the cell temperature is reduced, the filling factor is increased, the cell performance is improved, and the thermal efficiency of the system is increased by 2.7%, but the crossover liquid absorption property reduces the incident solar irradiation on the surface of the cell, which results in the reduction of the total electrical efficiency of the system by nearly 0.6%. Experimental data support is provided for a crossovertype CPV/T system at low convergence multiples.

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis technology holds significant promise in the field of hydrogen production. To conduct an indepth investigation into the performance and optimization potential of this technology, this paper employs the commercial software Comsol Multiphysics to establish a threedimensional, twophase, nonisothermal fully coupled model of a proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell, taking into account the transport of water within the membrane. The research findings demonstrate that the trapezoidal channel design outperforms the rectangular channel configuration, resulting in a 5.5% performance enhancement at a working voltage of 2.4 V. Through an analysis of water/gas distribution, temperature profiles, membrane water content, and membrane conductivity variations with voltage, it is revealed that the trapezoidal channel exhibits superior gas/liquid transport performance compared to the rectangular channel. At 2.4 V voltage, the trapezoidal channel's anode catalytic layer exhibits a 7.92% increase in water saturation relative to the rectangular channel, a 10.36% reduction in oxygen concentration, a 1.22% elevation in membrane water content, and a 1.75% increase in membrane conductivity, despite the temperature differences within the membrane being relatively insignificant.