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Outline
As the penetration rate of distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation in distribution networks continues to rise, the problem of loss of selectivity and sensitivity of distribution line protection is becoming more and more prominent. Distance protection has the advantages of fast response speed, independent of system operation mode, and independent of communication, which is an effective way to solve the protection problems of distribution networks containing distributed PV. However, the additional impedance generated by the controlled phase characteristics of PV short-circuit currents makes it difficult for distance protection to meet the requirements of sensitivity and selectivity in power grids containing distributed PV. To this end, the fault characteristics of PV-containing distribution networks are analyzed, and the coupling relationship between the measured impedance and the actual fault location and the additional impedance is analyzed; the expression for the additional impedance during interphase faults in distribution networks containing distributed PV is derived, and the principle of interphase fault location in distribution networks with multi -PV access is proposed, and then new distance protection criteria are constructed, and adaptive distance protection for interphase faults in distribution networks containing distributed PV is proposed. The method is proposed. Examples show that the method can accurately identify and locate interphase short -circuit faults in distribution lines under different fault locations, fault severities and PV outputs, and it has the advantages of simple and reliable principle, convenient realization, and wide range of application.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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