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Outline
As a highly efficient thermochemical conversion method, hydrothermal treatment technology demonstrates broad application potential for the harmless disposal and value-added utilization of food waste and other organic biomass residues. In this paper, subcritical hydrothermal treatment was systematically investigated, and a polit-scale hydrothermal treatment system for food waste was developed with a processing capacity of 10 t/d and a total capital investment of 3.279 4 million yuan. The bio-oil yield obtained from food waste hydrothermal treatment system reached 9%, with a higher heating value of 38.63 MJ/kg, and low-boiling-point fractions (<343 ℃) accounted for 82.62% of the bio-oil, indicating its strong potential as an alternative fuel. The aqueous-phase yield was 85%, and the aqueous products could be formulated into humic acid-based liquid organic fertilizer. Economic evaluation showed that a net profit of 1 302.93 yuan could be achieved per ton of food waste treated, with an investment payback period of 0.84 years. The developed industrial hydrothermal treatment system successfully overcame several core technologies, including the efficient separation of inorganic components from organic solid waste and the cascade recovery and utilization of residual heat. Moreover, the system provides an integrated solution to key technological bottlenecks that have hindered the industrialization of food waste hydrothermal treatment. Furthermore, it systematically resolved the technical bottlenecks facing the industrialization of food waste hydrothermal treatment technology.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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