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Offshore wind turbines installed close to earthquakeprone zones are not only affected by wind and wave loadings, but also threatened by earthquakes. In order to reduce the earthquake impacts on the structural vibration and load of largescale wind turbines, a seismic coupled analysis and structural control architecture has been developed by improving FAST based on the modal acceleration method and the Tuned Mass Damper (TMD). The control effects of TMD on tower vibration and load reduction of the IEA 15 MW monopile wind turbine due to different ground motions are investigated. The results show that the TMD can significantly reduce the towertop displacement and towerbase load for each examined ground motion. The best effect on alleviating towertop vibration is achieved when the tuning frequency ratio of the TMD is 0.9, reducing the tower top displacement by 89.8%. The fluctuation amplitude of towerbase bending moment following the earthquake event is significantly reduced by the TMD with a tuning frequency ratio of 0.8 that is capable of reducing the standard deviation by up to 99%.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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