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In order to explore the potential of fruit peel waste conversion to produce highvalue platform chemicals, the hydrothermal conversion of citrus peel to furfural (FF) and 5hydroxymethylfurfural (5HMF) was conducted in the choline chloride (ChCl)/ carboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DES) system. Conclusions can be drawn from experiments in xylose and glucose: The carboxylic acid performance was ranked lactic acid > acetic acid > glycolic acid. The optimal molar ratio of choline chloride to carboxylic was 1:2. The optimal water content of solvent system was 20%. The effects of temperature and time on citrus peel conversion were studied based on the optimized operating conditions. Since the pectin component in the citrus peel was mainly converted to 5HMF in DES, the yield of the peel converted to 5HMF was significantly higher than that of FF. The maximum mass yield of 5HMF from citrus peel was 8.6% (molar yield was 43.1%). The maximum mass yield of furfural reached 2.4% (molar yield was 19.1%).
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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