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Dynamic pricing and optimal scheduling of multi-virtual power plants based on master-slave game
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Ran Li, Bingqian Wang, Xiangze Peng, Huimin Lü, Shaoyan Li
Renewable Energy Resources | 2024, 42(7) : 986 - 994
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Renewable Energy Resources | 2024, 42(7): 986-994
Dynamic pricing and optimal scheduling of multi-virtual power plants based on master-slave game
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Ran Li, Bingqian Wang, Xiangze Peng, Huimin Lü, Shaoyan Li
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding 071000 China
Published: 2024-07-20
Outline
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Under the background of "double carbon", distributed renewable energy and flexible resources such as energy storage and demand response develop rapidly. Virtual power plants integrate distributed resources efficiently through control technology, which improves the power generation efficiency of distributed energy. With the social capital entering the power market, different virtual power plants will belong to different investors, forming a multiagent game pattern. According to the investment preferences of investors, virtual power plants will be composed of resources with different flexibility. In order to give consideration to the interests of virtual power plant operators and virtual power plants, a twolevel masterslave game model between operators and multivirtual power plants is constructed. Considering the interaction between upper pricing and lower output, the dynamic pricing of operators and the optimal operation and scheduling of virtual power plants are studied. In the lower layer, aiming at the minimum operating cost of each virtual power plant, the optimal scheduling models of multiple virtual power plants including electric energy storage, demand response and hydrogen energy storage are established respectively. The upper layer takes the operator's profit as the goal, and combines the lower layer's output plan to dynamically formulate the purchase and sale price of virtual power plants. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used to solve the game model iteratively. Through the analysis of an example, the model can give consideration to the interests of multiagents, effectively improve the operators' income and reduce the operating cost of virtual power plants.

master -slave game  /  multiple virtual power plants  /  multiple flexible resources  /  dynamic pricing  /  optimized scheduling
Ran Li, Bingqian Wang, Xiangze Peng, Huimin Lü, Shaoyan Li. Dynamic pricing and optimal scheduling of multi-virtual power plants based on master-slave game[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2024 , 42 (7) : 986 -994 .
Year 2024 volume 42 Issue 7
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Article Info
  • Receive Date:2022-09-20
  • Online Date:2025-07-22
  • Published:2024-07-20
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  • Received:2022-09-20
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    1 School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding 071000 China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
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占总种数比例
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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