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Integrated optimization study of aerodynamic shape and internal topology of wind turbine airfoils
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Fan Zhang1, Jie Zhu1, 2, Xin Cai3, Fan Yang1, Wenting Huang1, Tianshi Dai1
Renewable Energy Resources | 2025, 43(5) : 629 - 636
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Renewable Energy Resources | 2025, 43(5): 629-636
Integrated optimization study of aerodynamic shape and internal topology of wind turbine airfoils
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Fan Zhang1, Jie Zhu1, 2, Xin Cai3, Fan Yang1, Wenting Huang1, Tianshi Dai1
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, College of Science & Technology Ningbo University Ningbo 315300 China
  • 2 College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 China
  • 3 Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Wind Turbine Structures Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China
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In order to achieve good aerodynamic and structural performance of wind turbine airfoils simultaneously, an integrated optimization method for aerodynamic shape and internal topology of airfoils is proposed. The airfoil aerodynamic shape is represented using the Hicks Henne type function, and its aerodynamic performance is calculated by using XFOIL. A finite element model of the airfoil is established by using ANSYS, and the structural topology performance is computed. Based on this, a MATLAB program is developed by using a genetic algorithm with the objectives of maximizing the lifttodrag ratio and minimizing the compliance. Five basic airfoils of a 1.5 MW wind turbine blade are optimized under 3 objective weight factors, and the results showed that compared to the initial airfoils, all optimized airfoils exhibit increase in maximum lifttodrag ratio and decrease in structural compliance. At the same time, basically consistent internal structural conceptual design solutions are obtained with the spar caps on the upper and lower surfaces offset towards the leading and trailing edges, respectively. A comparison is made between the new blade using the optimized airfoils and the original blade, and the results indicate that the application of optimized airfoils combined with minor main spar caps offset, the aerodynamic and structural performance of the blades could be effectively improved.

wind turbine airfoil  /  aerodynamic shape  /  topology structure  /  integrated optimization
Fan Zhang, Jie Zhu, Xin Cai, Fan Yang, Wenting Huang, Tianshi Dai. Integrated optimization study of aerodynamic shape and internal topology of wind turbine airfoils[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2025 , 43 (5) : 629 -636 .
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  • Receive Date：2023-11-08
  • Online Date：2025-07-16
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  • Received：2023-11-08
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Affiliations
    1 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, College of Science & Technology Ningbo University Ningbo 315300 China
    2 College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 China
    3 Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Wind Turbine Structures Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China
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