In order to better reveal the causes of filling pipelines wearing in deep mines, 12 risk influencing factors were summarized and identified based on literature analysis, standard method and expert discussion method. Using DEMATEL (decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory) and ISM (interpretative structural modeling) integrated analysis method, through the processing of index factors data, the influence degrees of index factors and the characteristics of index causal attributes were determined, and each influencing factor was decomposed according to three stages to construct a multi-level hierarchical structure model. The results are drawn as follows. The DEMATEL-ISM method can comprehensively and objectively reflect the correlation of index factors, and the corresponding hierarchical structure can be divided into 4 layers and 3 stages. The inner diameter of the pipeline and the filling times line are the fundamental causes and key influencing factors. The absolute roughness of the pipelines, the proportion of coarse particles, the mass concentration of the slurry, the ratio of slurry flow rate to critical flow rate, and the corrosivity of the filling slurry are the transitional causes. The deflection rate, the weighted average particle size, the pipelines laying quality, the aggregate shape and so on are the direct causes. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for formulating targeted measures to prevent and reduce pipelines wearing and failure.