In the process of protective layer mining, hard rock faults and hard nodules are often encountered, which causes that it is difficult for the shearer to cut, the cutting parts are seriously worn, and the advancing speed of the working face is seriously restricted. In order to solve the above problems, based on the engineering background of Ji15−17−13070 soft rock protective layer working face in Pingmei Thirteenth Mine, the mechanism of ultra-deep hole loose pre-splitting blasting was clarified. The radius range of the fracture zone in the fault hard rock was calculated to be 0.7−1.2 m. The influences of aperture and hole spacing on blasting effect were studied by numerical simulation method, and aperture and hole spacing were determined to be 94 mm and 2.0 m respectively. The technical scheme of “advance drilling in two roadways+ ultra-deep hole loose pre-splitting blasting in working face”, which can realize the parallel operation of propulsion and blasting, was put forward and the industrial test was carried out. The test results show that after adopting the technical scheme, the fault hard rock is fully broken, the wear of the shearer pick is reduced by more than 40%, the advancing speed of the working face is increased by about 25%, and the blasting pre-splitting effect is remarkable.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |