Full
Outline
Aiming at the problem of pillar stability, acoustic emission (AE) tests of rock specimen failure, PFC simulation of pillar failure, and pillar stability monitoring and early warning research were carried out. AE tests of rock specimens under simple loading and incremental cyclic loading-unloading conditions and PFC simulation of pillar failure were carried out. The stress-AE evolution characteristics during pillar failure were analyzed, and four stages of pillar failure were proposed, namely initial incubation stage, low-speed incubation stage, accelerated incubation stage and failure stage. Based on the stress-AE evolution characteristics of pillar failure, the pillar failure instability criteria of increased stress-stable AE, stable stress-stable AE, reduced stress-stable AE, increased stress-increased AE and reduced stress-increased AE modes were proposed. Based on the pillar failure criteria, a staging monitoring and early warning method for pillar stability is established, and a pillar stability monitoring and early warning platform was developed. The staging monitoring and early warning method for pillar failure and the pillar stability monitoring and early warning platform show good performance in field engineering applications. After pillar 2-45# enters the increased stress-increased AE stage, the mine issues a red warning. Longitudinal cracks appear in the pillar 39 days later, and overall failure occurs 90 days later. After pillar 2-105# enters the increased stress-stable AE stage, the mine issues a yellow warning. Local spalling occurs in the middle of the pillar 38 days later. The research results are of great significance for quantitatively evaluating pillar stability and ensuring safe production in mines.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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