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Outline
Biodiversity conservation becomes an increasingly prominent global concern and a central element of sustainable development, integrating biodiversity protection into mining activities is essential for fulfilling corporate social responsibility and enhancing overall competitiveness. China's biodiversity conservation efforts in the mining sector are currently undergoing a transition from being primarily policy-driven to increasingly characterized by technological integration and systematic practice, with an urgent need for further refinement and enhancement of methodological frameworks and implementation pathways. Grounded in the mitigation hierarchy framework, an internationally accepted biodiversity management tool, it systematically sorts out and refines the key biodiversity conservation action paths that need to be focused on in different phases of mines. In the project development phase, comprehensive baseline biodiversity assessments and socio-economic impact evaluations were conducted to inform tailored biodiversity management plans. During the operational phase, effective implementation of management plans was ensured through continuous ecological monitoring and adaptive management. In the transition phase from operation to closure, systematic restoration and rehabilitation efforts were carried out, striving to rebuild stable, self-regulating local ecosystems. At closure, the focus shifted to long-term ecosystem functionality and sustainable land use, supported by closed-loop management and ecological compensation mechanisms to align environmental conservation with regional development. Taking the Ambatovy Nickel and Cobalt Mine in Madagascar as a representative case, the biodiversity conservation practices under the mitigation hierarchy framework was analyzed. The study aims to provide insights for the development of biodiversity-friendly mines across the whole life cycle in China, thereby supporting mining enterprises in achieving high-quality and green development.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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