Aiming at the problems of water-induced cracking and insufficient durability of steel fiber reinforced concrete support in the roadway of a certain iron mine in Yunnan, based on the three-factor and three-level orthogonal test design, water absorption rate and sulfate erosion resistance tests were systematically carried out, and the influence laws of water-cement ratio (0.42, 0.45, 0.47), steel fiber content (2%, 3%, 4%) and waterproofing agent content (0.10, 0.12, 0.14) on water absorption rate and sulfate erosion resistance performance were quantitatively analyzed to optimize the water durability of the materials, and the optimal proportion was applied to the actual roadway support of the certain iron mine in Yunnan for construction verification. The results show that the water absorption rate of steel fiber reinforced concrete under various optimized proportions is relatively low, and the content of waterproofing agent has the most significant effect on water absorption rate (with a range of 1.73%). When the content of waterproofing agent is 0.14, the water absorption rate decreases to 4.69%. In the sulfate erosion resistance tests, the mass loss ratios of specimens are all negative (-0.35%--0.14%), the compressive strength increases with the increase in the number of cyclic erosion times, and the content of waterproofing agent has the most significant effect on compressive strength (with a range of 22.7 MPa). Proportion 2 (with a water-cement ratio of 0.42, 3% steel fiber content and 0.14 waterproofing agent content) exhibits the best comprehensive performance, with a water absorption rate of 4.54%. Its compressive strength increases from the initial 70.6 MPa to 83.1 MPa, with an increase of 17.6%. Field application results show that after support with Proportion 2, the displacement of two sides of the roadway stabilizes at 25 mm, with no significant leakage on the surface, which verifies the feasibility of the optimized proportion.