Full
Outline
Taking Qidashan open-pit stope as the research object, field investigations were carried out. Fixed-point and vehicle-mounted mobile continuous monitoring was conducted during the drilling, blasting, loading and transportation stages, with meteorological parameters recorded and the dust migration process photographed. Based on the field monitoring data, an analysis was conducted on the dust dispersion characteristics and influence mechanism in different stages during the production process of the open-pit mine. The results show that there is a significant correlation between PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations. The cubic polynomial curve model has the highest goodness of fit, with a coefficient of determination of 0.945, and exhibits the strongest explanatory power for this relationship. The average dust emission concentrations and diffusion ranges differ significantly among different production stages. The blasting stage has the highest dust emission concentration in a single operation, reaching 324.4 μg/m3, and its dust diffusion range is the widest. The dust emission concentrations of a single operation in the drilling, loading and transportation stages are 59.8 μg/m3, 88.2 μg/m3 and 61.8 μg/m3, respectively. In addition, the dust concentration in the pit bottom area is significantly higher than that at the bench crest, with its mean value being approximately five times that of the dust concentration at the bench crest. The research results reveal the variation laws of dust concentration in open-pit stopes and can provide theoretical support for dust prevention and control.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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