In order to study the influence of saturation time on the mechanical properties and crushing law of phosphate rock, the static and dynamic mechanical tests under different strain rates were carried out on the natural, saturated 48 hours and saturated 3 months of phosphate rock. The test results show that under the condition of static load (low strain rate), the strength of ore rock decreases with the increase of saturation time, but the strength reduction rate shows a trend of fast first (within 48 hours) and then slow. The compressive strength of ore rock saturated for 3 months is 21% lower than that of saturated for 48 hours. Under the condition of dynamic load (medium and high strain rate, 43-146 s^-1), the strength of ore rock is affected by the mutual game and synergistic effect of weakening and strengthening of free water in the ore rock. With the increase of saturation time, the strength of ore rock increases firstly and then decreases. The dynamic compressive strength of ore rock saturated for 3 months is the smallest, which is reduced by 25.9%-28.5% compared with that for 48 hours, and reduced by 7.0%-19.7% compared with that under natural state. Saturation effect can improve the sensitivity of dynamic compressive strength of rock to strain rate. The crushing form of ore rock is closely related to its strength. The larger the dynamic compressive strength, the smaller the fragmentation after crushing. In the same strain rate range, the average particle size of the ore rock after the impact from large to small is the ore rock saturated for 48 hours, the ore rock in the natural state, and the ore rock saturated for 3 months. Long-term saturation (such as 3 months and above) will significantly reduce the strength of ore rock and make the crushing more thorough. At this time, the unit consumption of explosives can be appropriately reduced to avoid safety hazards such as flying stones caused by excess energy.