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Outline
In response to the mining technical problems of high-grade pillars caused by insufficient preparation in mining levels and stopes, as well as significant fluctuations in ore output grade in a copper-nickel mine, three mining methods were proposed, namely panel mechanized upward drift filling mining method, downward drift filling mining method, and combined mining method of upward drift and strip medium-length hole. The panel mechanized upward drift filling mining method was determined to be the optimal solution with comparative analysis of the advantages, disadvantages, technical and economic indexes of these methods. The classical Janssen theory of granular pressure was used to calculate the overburden load of pillars. The mechanical models of simply supported beam and soft support weak plate were adopted to analyze the relationship between the thickness of artificial false roof and the maximum compressive stress. By comprehensively considering the construction form of artificial false roof and the mechanical properties of cementitious materials, the filling and construction parameters of artificial false roof were determined as follows: the thickness of the artificial false roof is 7.0 m, and the 28-day strength of the filling body is 4.5 MPa. To address the quality, safety and cost problems in the construction of artificial false roof, by optimizing the construction plan, the Optimization Scheme Ⅰ was confirmed as the optimal solution, that is, the artificial false roof serves as the direct roof of the 10 m roof pillar in the lower stope. The artificial false roof adopted a reinforcement design scheme of bottom reinforcement, waist reinforcement and top reinforcement combined. Application results show that the proposed pillar mining scheme is practical and feasible. The panel production capacity of pillar stopes increases to 276 t/d, the pillar recovery rate reaches 82%, and the stope ground pressure activities remain stable. The construction technology of artificial false roof is highly operable, safe and reliable. This scheme has realized the safe and efficient recovery of pillar resources, providing technical reference for pillar mining in similar mines.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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