A large number of iron tailings can not be fully and effectively utilized due to their low content of useful minerals, weak magnetism, fine crystal particle size and complex and difficult separation. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, a comprehensive utilization study was conducted on low-grade ore tailings from a beneficiation plant in the central Shandong region. Firstly, the properties of the original ore were analyzed, tested, and screened for analysis, and it was found that the main iron containing mineral in the original ore is magnetite. Based on the properties and characteristics of the ore, three process schemes were tested on the raw ore, namely screening-gravity concentration-medium magnetic separation-grinding-medium magnetic separation-gravity concentration process scheme (Scheme Ⅰ), screening-gravity concentration-medium magnetic separation-grinding-medium magnetic separation-flotation concentration process scheme (Scheme Ⅱ) and screening-gravity concentration-medium magnetic separation-grinding-medium magnetic separation-gravity concentration-gravity concentration-gravity tailings flotation concentration process scheme (Scheme Ⅲ). The final results show that Scheme Ⅱ has the best sorting effect, achieving a concentrate with yield of 20.46%, iron grade of 50.93%, and iron recovery rate of 44.10%. Among these ores, there are iron minerals embedded with fine particle size and closely coexisting with silicate iron minerals with relatively strong magnetism. To obtain higher grade iron concentrates, gravity separation or flotation shows obvious sorting advantages compared to magnetic separation. Therefore, Scheme Ⅱ or Scheme Ⅲ can be selected according to the actual situation.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |