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Outline
The prediction of mine pit inflow and the spatio-temporal variation of groundwater seepage fields in underground mines is of great significance for mine water control engineering, which is directly related to mine safety production and environmental protection. A copper-cobalt mine in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is located in a small nappe within the Zambia-DRC metallogenic belt, featuring complex hydrogeological conditions. If the traditional drainage scheme is adopted, the predicted mine pit inflow will exceed 46 000 m3/d. Through on-site hydrogeological condition investigation, a single-layer control drainage scheme was proposed by utilizing the vertical multi-layer structure of the mining area's aquifer and the principle of control drainage. By applying the theory of groundwater flow and numerical simulation techniques, a three-dimensional groundwater numerical model was established to accurately reflect the hydrogeological characteristics of the mining area. Combined with the optimization of drainage borehole layout scheme based on water gushing points during underground development, the prediction shows that the mine pit inflow during the mining period of the 940 m level can be reduced to 25 260 m3/d. The mine has been constructed according to the optimized control drainage scheme, achieving pressure-controlled mining in the first mining section. Compared with the traditional drainage scheme, it saves approximately 2.34 million US dollars in drainage costs annually. The single-layer control drainage method can provide a reference for similar high-water mines in Africa, thereby achieving the reduction of mine pit inflow, protection of mining area water resources, and efficient pressure-controlled mining.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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