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Outline
Due to changes in physical and mechanical properties, the frozen rock mass in cold regions has a significant impact on rock fragmentation by blasting. To investigate the influence law of rock freezing temperature on the fragmentation characteristics of bench blasting, taking an open-pit mine in a cold region as the engineering background, a numerical simulation study on blasting was conducted using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. Taking the normal temperature rock mass condition as a comparison, the influences of different freezing temperatures on blasting stress wave propagation, blasting crack distribution range, and rock mass damage and failure were mainly analyzed. The research results show that in terms of stress wave propagation, freezing temperature has a significant impact on the dynamic response of rock. As the rock freezing temperature decreases from 20℃ (normal temperature) to -30 ℃, the elastic modulus of the rock mass increases, and the stress wave velocity and stress amplitude increase by 27% and 20%, respectively, while the attenuation coefficient shows no significant change. In terms of blasting crack distribution range and rock mass damage and failure, the mechanical parameters of bench frozen rock mass in cold regions, such as compressive strength and elastic modulus, are higher, which has an adverse effect on rock fragmentation by blasting. In particular, for the frozen rock mass at -30 ℃ in the upper part of the bench, compared with the normal-temperature rock mass, its fracture zone range decreases by about 29%, and the reduction in damage and failure volume reaches 22%. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of bench blasting parameters of frozen rock mass in cold region open-pit mines.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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