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Outline
The southeast ore body of the Chambishi Copper Mine is a typical deep-level mine in central and southern Africa. As the mining scope continuously expands, the underground ventilation system of the mine faces problems such as long ventilation routes, high ventilation resistance, uneven airflow distribution, and local ventilation difficulties, which severely affect mine production safety and the working environment. Taking the deep-horizon multi-shaft ventilation system of the mine as the research object, and based on systematic investigation and parameter determination, the ventilation districts were rationally partitioned. Furthermore, targeted optimization schemes were formulated from the perspectives of the ventilation network, ventilation engineering, ventilation structures, and ventilation power. In the south mining district, the 696 m level was utilized as the main return airway; coordinated with automatic ventilation doors and short shaft engineering, this configuration ensured the fresh air supply to the ramp. Furthermore, efficient ventilation at the 900 m level was achieved via the 800-680 m dedicated return shaft operating in conjunction with variable-frequency fans. In the north mining district, ventilation structures were added to seal the air leakage at the 980 m level, and a newly excavated intake shaft from the north main ramp to the 1 000 m level resolved the difficulty of fresh air intake in deep levels. A three-dimensional simulation model was established using Ventsim software, and the error between its simulation results and the measured data was less than 10%. After engineering application, the distributed air volume at the 900 m level increases to 102.2 m3/s, the air leakage volume of the south ore body decreases by 57.89%, and the effective airflow rate improves by 19.51%. The air volume in the deep middle level is obviously improved, and the underground environment is significantly improved.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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