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Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) is the most widely used flocculant in the mining sand-making industry. The phenomenon of compound doping during its production is relatively common, which leads to the degradation of APAM flocculation performance. Flocculation sedimentation tests were conducted to systematically evaluate the effects of five compounds, including sodium chloride (NaCl), on the flocculation performance of APAM. The characteristics of doped APAM were characterized by using techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and chemical titration. Cost-benefit analysis was employed to quantify the economic impact of the doping behavior. The results show that APAM achieves the optimal flocculation effect at a mass concentration of 0.1% and a dosage of 24 g/t. High compound dosages (≥30%) severely degrade the flocculation performance of APAM. Specifically, when the NaCl dosage is 50%, the median particle size of sludge flocs decreases from 95.3 μm to 41.3 μm, a reduction of 56.7%, and the settling time is extended to more than double, resulting in a significant decline in wastewater treatment efficiency. The established combined detection system integrating solid content measurement, FTIR, XRD, and chemical titration can specifically identify the doping components. The economic analysis indicates that 50% NaCl doping can reduce the production cost of APAM to 6 150 yuan/t, with a profit margin of 48.75%. The research results can provide a technical basis for the quality control of flocculants and the optimization of water treatment systems in sand-making plant.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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