Full
Outline
To address the issue of poor efficiency of dust control in open-pit blasting, a geometric model of the flow field for bench blasting in open-pit mine was established using Fluent software. The influence of flow field distribution characteristics under different wind speeds on the migration law of blasting dust was studied, aiming to determine the optimal dust capture time, water bag position, and delayed activation time for water mist dust suppression technology. The results indicate that the flow develops a back-step flow pattern at the bench, forming distinct zones of high-speed and low-speed turbulence. As wind speed increases, the influence range of the high-speed and low-speed turbulent zones expands, and the time required for the flow field to become fully developed decreases. Concurrently, a structural vortex with a height matching the bench is formed. When the wind speed is constant, the blasting dust has a significant upward vertical movement and obvious horizontal movement in a short period of time, subsequently, the vertical upward movement becomes constrained while the horizontal travel distance increases substantially under the comprehensive influences of blasting impact, gravity and stable airflow. Within the wind speed range of 2.4 m/s to 4.4 m/s, the dust demonstrates prominent vertical movement within the first 4 seconds of blast and significant horizontal movement after 6 seconds of detonation. The vertical movement distance of the dust at the 4th second after blasting is about 30 m, and the horizontal movement distance of the dust at the 6th second after blasting is 22.6-23.5 m. Consequently, the optimal dust capture time is determined to be 4-6 s after blasting, and the optimal position of the water bag is determined to be 15-24 m from the bottom line of the bench slope, and the delayed excitation time of the water bag is Δt=Tf-Ts.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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