Full
Outline
Flotation of cassiterite is a critical step for the efficient utilization of complex mineral resources. Based on domestic and international research, a systematic review of the research progress in the development of cassiterite flotation reagents and the mechanisms of interfacial interactions was conducted. Based on the surface anisotropy of cassiterite crystals, the distribution of active sites on the (110) (100) and (101) crystal planes was analyzed in detail. The synergistic adsorption mechanism among multiple crystal planes was elucidated, and the coordination chemistry of metal ions (such as Pb2+ and Fe3+ ) in surface activation was revealed. In terms of the pharmaceutical system, molecular design strategies for novel hydroxamic acid derivatives, phenylphosphonic acid derivatives, and environmentally friendly amino acid-based collectors were reviewed, noting that targeted functional group modification can effectively enhance chelation selectivity toward Sn sites. In terms of mechanism of action, composite agents significantly enhanced interfacial adsorption density through chelation and synergistic adsorption. For example, the combination of hydroxamic acid and fatty acids formed a multilayer adsorption structure, while cationic-anionic composite collectors reinforced both electrostatic and coordination interactions. Composite inhibitors such as polyacrylic acid-lignosulfonate achieved precise inhibition of calcium and magnesium gangue minerals through steric hindrance and selective adsorption. Future research should focus on establishing a quantitative relationship among "molecular structure, adsorption configuration and flotation performance", and combining with computational chemistry methods to advance the rational design and industrial application of green, high-efficiency reagents.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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