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In the second-step mining of open stoping with subsequent filling mining method, the blasting vibration has significant influence on the stability of the artificial pillar formed after the cement filling in the first-step stope. Based on the background of mining in the transition from open-pit to underground in Sijiaying Iron Mine, a 3D geological model and a numerical calculation model of stope were established by using the FLAC numerical simulation method. And three mining sequences of the second-step stope in the mining panel were studied, including “from one side to the other side” “from the center to both sides” and “from two sides to the center”. When the distance between the blasting hole and the backfill was 1.0 m and 1.5 m respectively, the characteristics of the effect of blasting on the stability of the artificial pillar were obtained, and the strength demand of the backfill body was inverted. The results are concluded as follows. Firstly, when the peak pressure of the blasting load is 15 MPa, with the increase in the distance from the hole to the backfill, the maximum principal stress of the backfill in the first-step stope decreases. The concentrated stress and plastic failure range in the backfill under the “from two sides to the center” mining sequence are the least, which is the most favorable to the stability of the backfill. Secondly, when the mining sequence of the second-step stope is “from two sides to the center”, the longer the distance between the blasting hole and the backfill, the smaller the plastic zone in the backfill, which is more favorable to the stability of the backfill. Meanwhile, the larger the distribution range of the shear plastic zone formed in the two-step mining ore body, the more conducive to the carving of the two-step stope. Thirdly, the strength of cemented backfill prepared by cementing powder and unclassified tailings with a ratio of1:6can meet the stability requirements of artificial pillars.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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