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To optimize the mechanical strength performance of mine waste rock-tailings cemented backfill, the Box-Behnken design within the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to conduct a three-factor-three-level test. The synergistic effects of waste rock particle size (0 to −5 mm, +5 mm to −10 mm, +10 mm to −15 mm), mass concentration (84%, 86%, 88%), and sand-to-binder ratio (53%, 60%, 67%) on the uniaxial compressive strength of backfill at different curing ages (7 and 28 days) were systematically explored. At the same time, the traditional orthogonal test was introduced to compare the prediction accuracy and efficiency with the RSM. The RSM results reveal that particle size of waste rock predominantly governs the early-stage strength of the backfill, while mass concentration significantly influences the later-stage strength. The synergistic interaction between particle size and mass concentration is the most pronounced, jointly regulating the skeleton stability and interfacial bonding properties of the backfill. After experimental verification, the accuracy (R2) of the backfill strength prediction model obtained based on RSM is 0.994 9 (7 d) and 0.983 7 (28 d), respectively. The corresponding optimal filling material proportion condition are waste rock particle size of +5 mm to −10 mm, mass concentration of 85.5%, and sand-to-binder ratio of 58.6%. The results of the orthogonal experiment indicate that the particle size of waste rock plays a dominant role in the backfill strength in the early and later stages. Research has shown that RSM can effectively analyze the nonlinear coupling relationship of multiple factors, and the prediction accuracy is significantly improved compared to traditional orthogonal experimental methods.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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