Full
Outline
To address the technical bottlenecks of both high consumption of materials and energy and low recovery efficiency in traditional pyrometallurgical recycling of high-value copper-bearing solid wastes such as waste printed circuit boards, the slag phase regulation mechanism in cooperative smelting of multi-source copper-bearing solid waste was investigated. An analysis of the quaternary phase diagram of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-FeO system reveals that when the mass ratio of FeO to SiO2 ranges from 1/9 to 1/1 and mass fraction of CaO is within the range of 10%-40%, the primary crystal phase regions of molten slag are primarily distributed in the areas of clinopyroxene, wollastonite and spinel, and a theoretical melting point is lower than 1 300 ℃. A prediction model for physicochemical properties of slag demonstrates that the fluidity of the molten slag can be significantly improved by increasing FeO/SiO2 ratio from 0.5 to 1.0, and the optimal fluidity is achieved with FeO and SiO2 at a mass ratio of 1.0, which can meet the requirements of industrial smelting. An experiment was performed with the optimized conditions, including FeO and SiO2 at a mass ratio of 0.8, CaO and SiO2 at a mass ratio of 0.4, smelting at a constant-temperature of 1 350 ℃ for 1 h, resulting in the obtained slag with the residual copper content therein reduced to 0.18% and copper recovery up to 99.39%. The produced crude copper alloy mainly contained Cu, C, S, Pb, Fe, Sn and other elements. It is concluded that increasing the FeO/SiO2 ratio can contribute to improving metal recovery, but it can also increase separation difficulty in the subsequent electrolytic refining process.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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