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A phosphoric acid - ammonium sulfite leaching system was employed to leach valuable metal elements such as nickel, cobalt and manganese from cathode materials of spent ternary lithium-ion batteries. The effects of phosphoric acid concentration, concentration of ammonium sulfite monohydrate, temperature and time of reaction on the total leaching rate of valuable metals were investigated. It is found that with phosphoric acid at the concentration of 0.8 mol/L, ammonium sulfite monohydrate at the concentration of 25 g/L, reaction at 70 ℃ for 90 min can result in the total leaching rate of valuable metals up to 95.2%. After the acid leaching process is kinetically fitted using the shrinking unreacted core model, it is shown that the leaching process is controlled by surface chemical reaction.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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