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Analysis of Global Rare Earth Mineral Resources and Industrial Competitive Advantages
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Qian LI1, 2, Fengping GAO1, 3, 4, 5, 6, Meiting WANG7, Li YANG2, Yan WANG2
Mining and Metallurgical Engineering | 2025, 45(6) : 216 - 228
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Mining and Metallurgical Engineering | 2025, 45(6): 216-228
• BUSINESS ECONOMY AND MANAGEMENT •
Analysis of Global Rare Earth Mineral Resources and Industrial Competitive Advantages
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Qian LI1, 2, Fengping GAO1, 3, 4, 5, 6, Meiting WANG7, Li YANG2, Yan WANG2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Mining and Coal, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
  • 2.State Key Laboratory of Research and Comprehensive Utilization of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resources, Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
  • 3.School of Economics and Management, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
  • 4.Research Center of Information Industry and Industrial Innovation of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences for Universities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
  • 5.Key Laboratory of Green Extraction & Efficient Utilization of Light Rare Earth Resources (Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
  • 6.Research Institute of Yellow River Jiziwan Development, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
  • 6.School of Rare Earth Industry (School of Rare Earth Engineering and Technology), Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.06.037
Outline
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The distribution of global rare earth elements (REEs) resources and comparative advantages in exploitation and utilization of REEs are analyzed based on literature research and empirical research. It is pointed out that the global rare earth sector is currently confronted with a competition pattern in which global industrial chains are dominated by China and the United States. The competitiveness of rare earth industrial chain lies not only in reserves, but more importantly in the production, processing and utilization of resources, as well as in its role in boosting the industry's added value in the national industrial system. In terms of resources, in consideration of heavy dependence on external import of medium and heavy REE resources, without advantages such as in light REEs, China should not only strengthen the security assurance of medium and heavy REEs, implement the strategic mineral reserve system, but also make good use of domestic and international medium and heavy REE resources and actively strive for the rights and interests of international mineral resources. In terms of industrial policies, China should continuously implement favorable policies for its domestic rare earth industry, to maintain the global competitive advantages in rare earth industrial chain and industrial clusters, and avoid shifts of its rare earth industry and transfer of related technologies abroad.

rare earth element (REE)  /  mineral resources  /  competitive advantage  /  geopolitics  /  mineral resource security  /  medium and heavy REE
李倩, 高风平, 汪梅婷, 杨丽, 王彦. 全球稀土矿产资源与产业竞争形势分析. 矿冶工程杂志, 2025 , 45 (6) : 216 -228 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.06.037
Qian LI, Fengping GAO, Meiting WANG, Li YANG, Yan WANG. Analysis of Global Rare Earth Mineral Resources and Industrial Competitive Advantages[J]. Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2025 , 45 (6) : 216 -228 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.06.037
Appendix
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Year 2025 volume 45 Issue 6
82
18
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Article Info
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2025.06.037
  • Receive Date：2025-06-15
  • Online Date：2026-10-08
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-06-15
Funding
Affiliations
    1.School of Mining and Coal, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Research and Comprehensive Utilization of Baiyun Obo Rare Earth Resources, Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
    3.School of Economics and Management, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
    4.Research Center of Information Industry and Industrial Innovation of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences for Universities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
    5.Key Laboratory of Green Extraction & Efficient Utilization of Light Rare Earth Resources (Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
    6.Research Institute of Yellow River Jiziwan Development, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
    6.School of Rare Earth Industry (School of Rare Earth Engineering and Technology), Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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